Sarcomas are rare tumours affecting connective tissue, nerves, fat, skin, bone and muscles. There are many types of sarcoma and treatment may vary, depending on the type however surgery and radiation therapy are often part of a management program. Sarcomas are usually present as a lump and often have a few other symptoms.

Melanoma is usually a skin-related malignancy but can involve other sites within the head and neck including the lining of the nose, mouth or throat. These mucosal melanomas are rare with skin melanomas being far more common. Head and neck surgeons may be involved with advanced skin melanoma tumours or spread to lymph nodes in the area of the head and neck. Primary surgery may also be indicated for mucosal melanoma. There is increasing use of immunotherapy, medications for melanoma.